[HSF] Coronary Case

Nasser F. Abou'Seada nfaabouseada at gmail.com
Thu Feb 1 00:22:19 EST 2007


Thanks Ani, 
I take that as a compliment !! .."was it??" .. I do totally concur with your
concepts and agree that the most important point is  that "we are prepared
to backtrack if it becomes obvious the> decision is the wrong one." Nothing
is ever dogmatic after all . 
I do accept that we both agree about the basic rules underlying the decision
making process. I would agree that the advice of the chief of the cath lab
would be a major variable in the decision making process. though I would
still argue against smoking, as a negative variable in the setup of the
final formula, yet still I do recognize the logic in your thinking and the
flexibility you certainly allow, though taking the risk on your shoulders
..!! 

NFA

> From: Ani Anyanwu
> NFA
> Words of wisdom as always!
> You summate it very well. More like one has decided to operate, and the
patient has
> decided she wants surgery, and one looking is for justification. I would
argue with
> your POV and in some ways it is correct. Like I said in response to the
chest drain
> issue, not all the decisions we make as physicians are logical. Sometimes
we first
> make a decision (or the decision is made for us) and then seek the
explanation. What
> is important though is that we are prepared to backtrack if it becomes
obvious the
> decision is the wrong one.
> 
> The thallium which showed ischemia was before the first PCI.
> 
> The 40% ISR was based on the report. If you recall I said I believed it
was more.
> Sometimes it is difficult to judge a long tubular stenosis. I went to the
chief of our
> cath lab as an independent opinion to appraise the case, open to
suggestions
> including a recath and IVUS, without any prompting he said that would
count to at
> least 70% stenosis. I am technologically naïve or would post pictures
online for you.
> Mind you he recommended surgery and is rarely known to do so (in our
institution last
> year the ratio of PCI to CABG was 19:1).
> 
> Regarding smoking, all the things you say are true. But though remember
you are
> comparing a non-smoker to a smoker. A smoker with LAD stenosis who has
CABG will
> deliver more O2 to the myocardium compared to a smoker who has a stenosis
with no
> bypass. For that patient CABG still offers a better outcome (even though
less than the
> combination of smoking cessation and CABG). We do actually offer surgery
to IV drug
> users with endocarditis, though admittedly the recidivism is high; if they
come back
> with prosthetic valve endocarditis then usually will not offer a second
chance. Like I
> said transplantation is the only scenario in cardiac surgery in my
institution that we
> explicitly deny patients therapy based on their habits.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Ani
> 
> 
>   ----- Original Message -----
>   From: Nasser F. Abou'Seada<mailto:nfaabouseada at gmail.com>
>   To: OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com>
>   Sent: Wednesday, January 31, 2007 12:44 AM
>   Subject: RE: [HSF] Coronary Case
> 
> 
>   Ani
>   I thought Isotope study did not show any area of ischaemia ????
>   you then mentioned that " She had a thallium that showed apical ischemia
so
>   the patient definitely has had symptomatic coronary disease."
>   ????
> 
>   also the cath you reported as
>   > Most recent catheter shows about 40% tubular stenosis (ISR) within 5cm
>   > of stented LAD. Unobstructed large Cx which gives rise to PDA, 30%
>   > ramus lesion. On this instance there was 80% proximal narrowing of the
>   > non-dominant RCA which resolved with nitroglycerin confirming spasm in
>   > this vessel. Normal LV function.
> 
>   however the interpretation of your chief of lab of the catheter seems
more
>   impressive, as an indication for surgery. !!!!!
> 
>   IMHO the point is to be sure of one's strategy, and FORMULATION OF THE
>   PROBLEM whether there is an indication for Surgery ??? based on adopted
>   concepts - mine is exclusive of payment, though I admit it is important,
yet
>   not in decision making- or at least this was the way I was taught.
> 
>   second point if it is agreed that the patient has got anginal pain due
to
>   defective coronary bed, being SURE of INTERPRETATION of preop workup, is
to
>   be sure to provide for the BEST OPTIMAL circumstances before embarking
on an
>   intervention. this is for sure to optimize Oxygen carrying capacity,
>   unloading, delivery, Glycaemic control, hormonal milieu, ....etc.
> 
>   For sure I would not trust Nicotine, CO shifting the Oxygen carrying
>   capacity curve, CO occupation of the Haemoglobin, Hormonal disturbance
with
>   stress induced rise of anti- Insulin hormones, raised Cortisol, ACTH,
Growth
>   Hormone, Thyroxine levels, disturbances of Plasma protein binding ....
etc
>   .... to mention but a few of the effects of more than 34 chemical
substances
>   in cigarettes. let apart the effects on gastic mucosa ....etc .....
>   Believing that a technically complicated and demanding cardiac procedure
>   should be offered to a patient who is refusing to give up - or try
>   enthusiastically to- just for whatever purposes, or else denying
>   self-responsibility blaming the society, is just like offering a cardiac
>   procedure for a tricuspid valve surgery for a drug induced endocarditis
for
>   a patient who refuses to give it up.
>   I believe we as surgeons are representing the society in our judgment as
to
>   the best preoperative situations that we should allow our patients to
get
>   before a designated interference. claiming otherwise would to my mind
>   deprive us of the faculty of being "physicians" and in fact risk being
>   detrimental to the rank of a manual worker .... however expert we might
be
>   ...!!!! ....
> 
>   NFA
> 
>   > -----Original Message-----
>   > From: openheart-l-bounces at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:openheart-l-
> bounces at lists.hsforum.com> [mailto:openheart-l-
>   > bounces at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:bounces at lists.hsforum.com>] On Behalf
Of
> Ani Anyanwu
>   > Sent: Tuesday, January 30, 2007 5:55 PM
>   > To:
OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com>
> 
> 
>   > Subject: Re: [HSF] Coronary Case
>   >
>   > I reviewed the cath with the chief of our lab today regarding whether
IVUS
>   would be
>   > helpful (none of the caths or interventions had been done in our
center).
>   He felt that
>   > the ISR was up to 70% and that was more than enough indication to
operate.
>   Without
>   > knowing the history he said that the stent must have been across a
>   myocardial bridge
>   > (it was) and that was the likely reason for the early failure of a DES
in
>   that manner.
>   > He says he has known debilitating angina to arise from a myocardial
bridge
>   and a
>   > LIMA to LAD may cure her.
>   >
>   > Talking of competitive flow, I had a lady last week obese (BMI 38)
>   diabetic 45 years
>   > old who had three prior PCI to LAD with new stenosis around DES each
time.
>   > Presented with acute coronary syndrome but now had 95% circ lesion not
>   previously
>   > present but adjacent to LAD stent which has now converged on Left
Main.
>   Stents to
>   > proximal LAD were open (10% maybe stenosed). Cardiologist felt that
>   because of her
>   > predilection to stenosing stents best to go ahead with CABG. In this
>   situation would
>   > you just bypass the OM? Most recent stent was 3 months prior. I put a
LIMA
>   on the
>   > OM and a RIMA on the LAD. I suppose my hope is when the stent does go
down
>   the
>   > RIMA would open up and that is preferable to a reop when the LAD stent
>   goes down in
>   > a few months as has been the case with her in the past - is that
wishful
>   thinking?
>   >
>   > Ani
>   >   ----- Original Message -----
>   >   From:
> hgrmd at aol.com<mailto:hgrmd at aol.com<mailto:hgrmd at aol.com<mailto:hgrmd at aol
> .com>>
>   >   To: OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-
> L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-
> L at lists.hsforum.com>>
>   >   Sent: Tuesday, January 30, 2007 10:28 AM
>   >   Subject: Re: [HSF] Coronary Case
>   >
>   >
>   >   Ani,
>   >     Even with a gun to my head, I would insist on an IVUS of the LAD
and
>   the RCA
>   > before laying the blade.  You do the patient no favor if you graft
>   hemodynamically
>   > unimportant lesions at this point in her life.  I'm sure there's
little
>   question that she
>   > will eventually require surgery.  However, grafting the vessels before
>   competitive flow
>   > is compromised is a sure recipe for early graft closure and a very
unhappy
>   patient.
>   >   Hal
>   >
>   >
>   >   -----Original Message-----
>   >   From:
> anianyanwu at hotmail.com<mailto:anianyanwu at hotmail.com<mailto:anianyanwu at ho
> tmail.com<mailto:anianyanwu at hotmail.com>>
>   >   To: OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-
> L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-
> L at lists.hsforum.com>>
>   >   Sent: Tue, 30 Jan 2007 6:06 AM
>   >   Subject: Re: [HSF] Coronary Case
>   >
>   >
>   >   Thanks for responses.
>   >
>   >   I specifically had said to assume you will operate on the patient
just
>   to
>   >   divert the discussion away from indications of surgery but as I
expected
>   >   that is where everyone decides to focus!
>   >
>   >   The 12 caths were over 3 years not 18 months. She has been
investigated
>   for
>   >   non-cardiac chest pain but it keeps coming back to the heart.
Clearly
>   there
>   >   is a suspicion that something is not right with the stent or that
some
>   >   disease is being missed, which is why they keep re-imaging it. Had
IVUS
>   >   after second stent so they were clearly concerned about placement.
>   Symptoms
>   >   are almost certainly anginal and are relieved by nitrates (I know so
can
>   >   esophageal pain but that is rarely triggered by exertion). She did
have
>   an
>   >   objective coronary lesion and ECG changes on first presentation and
also
>   a
>   >   thallium that showed apical ischemia so the patient definitely has
had
>   >   symptomatic coronary disease. Has been worked up by cardiologists in
two
>   >   separate cities both of which come to same conclusion (coronary
pain)
>   and
>   >   she has been managed on medical therapy. She shouldn't be smoking
but
>   does
>   >   (again that's life - actually says she 'stopped' a month ago).
>   >
>   >   Indication for CABG is intractable angina with angiographic (LAD)
>   disease.
>   >   Angiography can and does underestimate luminal narrowing so the
>   presumption
>   >   has to be that 40% ISR within a 5 cm of stent counts for more than
that
>   (in
>   >   the absence of alternative explanations). The RCA spasm can be
debated.
>   In
>   >   my view I suspect there may be a real lesion; I do not know if she
had
>   pain
>   >   during the cath (I suspect many of them do if you watch what happens
in
>   the
>   >   lab). She also has (minor) disease in her ramus. I am not sure if
stent
>   has
>   >   pinched diagonals - will go back and have a look. I have not said I
>   would
>   >   graft any vessel - I was just presenting options of what is
surgically
>   >   graftable (the six vessels I listed) not what should be grafted
(which
>   some
>   >   would say is none).
>   >
>   >   Still waiting for operative suggestions - what if you had a gun to
your
>   head
>   >   in the OR, what would you do for this lady!
>   >
>   >   Ani
>   >     ----- Original Message -----
>   >     From:
>   >
> prasannasimha<mailto:prasannasimha at gmail.com<mailto:prasannasimha at gmail.co
> <mailto:prasannasimha at gmail.com<mailto:prasannasimha at gmail.co>
>   > m>>
>   >     To:
OpenHeart-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart<mailto:OpenHeart-
> L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart>-
>   > L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart-
>
L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart<mailto:L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenH
e
> art-L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:OpenHeart>-
>   > L at lists.hsforum.com<mailto:L at lists.hsforum.com>>>
>   >     Sent: Tuesday, January 30, 2007 3:45 AM
>   >     Subject: Re: [HSF] Coronary Case
>   >
>   >
>   >     I still remember an elegant expose given by Unique pharma on cause
of
>   >     chest pain !!
>   >     I would also check for an esophageal motility disorder (cork screw
>   >     esophagus) and gall bladder dysfunction which can mimic angina in
all
>   >     aspects including relief with nitroglycerine. Especially in a
smoker.
>   >     Prasanna
>   >
>   >     Tohru Asai wrote:
>   >     > Dear Ani
>   >     >
>   >     > What is the indication for CABG? I don't think bypass will help
this
>   >     > patient. Coronary spasm may complicate the procedure.
>   >     >
>   >     > What is pulmonary status? I experienced a case with giant bulla,
>   causing
>   >     > angina-like symptom. It is rare but was writen in Shields'
textbook
>   of
>   >     > General Thoracic Surgery.



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